How to Use a Fire Extinguisher: A Step-by-Step Guide

A fire extinguisher can be your first line of defense against a small fire, potentially saving your home and your life. However, using one incorrectly can be dangerous. This guide provides a clear, step-by-step approach to using a fire extinguisher effectively and safely.

Understanding Fire Classes

Different fires require different types of extinguishers. Knowing the class of fire is crucial before attempting to extinguish it:

• Class A: Ordinary combustibles like wood, paper, cloth.
• Class B: Flammable liquids like grease, gasoline, and oil.
• Class C: Electrical fires involving energized electrical equipment.
• Class D: Combustible metals.
• Class K: Kitchen fires involving cooking oils and fats.

Most home fire extinguishers are rated for multiple classes (e.g., ABC).

The PASS Method

Remember the acronym PASS for effective fire extinguisher use:

1. P - Pull: Pull the pin located on the fire extinguisher handle. This will release the locking mechanism.
2. A - Aim: Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire, not the flames. Concentrate your efforts on the source of the fire.
3. S - Squeeze: Squeeze the handle to discharge the extinguisher. Maintain a safe distance from the flames.
4. S - Sweep: Sweep the nozzle from side to side, covering the base of the fire until it's extinguished. Continue sweeping even after the flames appear to be out to ensure that all embers are eliminated.

Safety Precautions

• Only attempt to extinguish a fire if it is small and contained. If the fire is spreading rapidly, or if you feel unsafe at any point, evacuate the building immediately and call emergency services (911).
• Never fight a fire alone. Have someone else call for help and assist you, if possible.
• Always stand upwind from the fire. Smoke and toxic fumes can be harmful to your health.
• Have an escape route planned. Know how you will escape the building if the fire spreads.
• After use, inspect the extinguisher and have it refilled or replaced as needed.

Choosing the Right Fire Extinguisher

Selecting the appropriate fire extinguisher is essential. Consider the types of fire hazards present in your home and choose an extinguisher rated accordingly. ABC rated extinguishers are commonly used in homes and cover a wide range of fire types.

Regular Inspection and Maintenance

Regularly inspect your fire extinguishers. Check the pressure gauge and ensure that the pin is in place. Have your extinguishers serviced by a qualified professional at least annually to ensure they are ready to work when needed.